淺析ptc加(jia)熱器(qi)的基本原理

    恒(heng)(heng)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)加(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)PTC熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)敏(min)(min)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)具有(you)恒(heng)(heng)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)發(fa)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)特性，其原理是PTC熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)敏(min)(min)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)加(jia)電(dian)(dian)(dian)后(hou)自(zi)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)升溫(wen)(wen)(wen)使(shi)阻(zu)值進入躍(yue)變(bian)區，恒(heng)(heng)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)加(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)PTC熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)敏(min)(min)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)表面溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)將(jiang)保(bao)持恒(heng)(heng)定值，該溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)只(zhi)與(yu)PTC熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)敏(min)(min)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)的(de)(de)居里(li)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)和(he)(he)外(wai)加(jia)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓有(you)關，而與(yu)環境溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)基本無(wu)關。 PTC加(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)器就(jiu)是利用恒(heng)(heng)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)加(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)PTC熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)敏(min)(min)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)恒(heng)(heng)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)發(fa)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)特性設計的(de)(de)加(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)器件.在中小(xiao)功(gong)率加(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)場(chang)合， PTC加(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)器具有(you)恒(heng)(heng)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)發(fa)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)、無(wu)明火、熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)轉換率高(gao)、受(shou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓影響極小(xiao)、自(zi)然(ran)壽(shou)命長(chang)(chang)等(deng)(deng)傳統發(fa)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)元(yuan)件無(wu)法比擬(ni)的(de)(de)優勢，在電(dian)(dian)(dian)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)器具中的(de)(de)應用越(yue)來越(yue)受(shou)到研發(fa)工程師的(de)(de)青睞. 恒(heng)(heng)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)加(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)PTC熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)敏(min)(min)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)可制(zhi)作成多種(zhong)外(wai)形結構(gou)和(he)(he)不同規格，常見的(de)(de)有(you)圓片(pian)形、長(chang)(chang)方形、長(chang)(chang)條形 、圓環以(yi)及蜂窩多孔(kong)狀(zhuang)等(deng)(deng)。把上述PTC發(fa)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)元(yuan)件和(he)(he)金(jin)屬(shu)構(gou)件進行組(zu)合可以(yi)形成各(ge)種(zhong)形式的(de)(de)大功(gong)率PTC加(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)(re)器。

    PTC加熱器按傳(chuan)導方式分 

    (1)以熱(re)(re)傳(chuan)導(dao)為(wei)主的PTC陶瓷加熱(re)(re)器。其特點是通過PTC發(fa)熱(re)(re)元件表面安裝的電極(ji)板(導(dao)電兼傳(chuan)熱(re)(re))絕(jue)緣層(ceng)(隔電兼傳(chuan)熱(re)(re))導(dao)熱(re)(re)蓄熱(re)(re)板(有(you)的還附加有(you)導(dao)熱(re)(re)膠)等多層(ceng)傳(chuan)熱(re)(re)結構,把PTC元件發(fa)出的熱(re)(re)量(liang)傳(chuan)到被加熱(re)(re)的物體(ti)上(shang)。 

    (2)以所形成(cheng)的(de)熱(re)(re)風進行對流(liu)式傳熱(re)(re)的(de)各種PTC陶瓷熱(re)(re)風器。其特(te)點(dian)是(shi)輸出功率大(da)，并能(neng)自(zi)動調(diao)節吹出風溫和輸出熱(re)(re)量。 

    (3)紅外(wai)線輻射加熱器.其特點實際利(li)用PTC元件或(huo)(huo)導(dao)熱板(ban)表面(mian)迅速發(fa)出的熱量直接(jie)(jie)或(huo)(huo)間接(jie)(jie)地激發(fa)接(jie)(jie)觸其表面(mian)的遠紅外(wai)涂料(liao)或(huo)(huo)遠紅外(wai)材料(liao)使(shi)之輻射出紅外(wai)線,便(bian)構成了(le)PTC陶瓷紅外(wai)輻射加熱器。 

    PTC加熱(re)(re)器按(an)結構特(te)點分 (1)普通(tong)實用型PTC陶(tao)瓷加熱(re)(re)器。這類器具主要(yao)有(you): 電(dian)熱(re)(re)蚊(wen)藥驅蚊(wen)器、暖手器、干燥器、電(dian)熱(re)(re)板(ban)、電(dian)燙斗、電(dian)烙(luo)鐵、電(dian)熱(re)(re)粘合器、卷發燙發器等.其特(te)點是功率不大，但(dan)熱(re)(re)效率高很實用。

    (2)自(zi)動(dong)恒溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)型PTC加熱(re)器(qi).這類(lei)器(qi)具主要(yao)有：小型晶體器(qi)件(jian)恒溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)槽、恒溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)培養箱、電子保(bao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)瓶、 保(bao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)箱、保(bao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)杯、保(bao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)盤、保(bao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)柜、保(bao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)桌等。其特點是自(zi)動(dong)保(bao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)、結構簡單、 恒溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)特性好、熱(re)效率高、使用環境溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度范(fan)圍寬。 

    (3)熱(re)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)PTC加熱(re)器(qi).這類熱(re)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)PTC加熱(re)器(qi)主要(yao)有：小型(xing)溫(wen)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)取暖器(qi)、電吹風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)、暖房機(ji)、烘干(gan)(gan)機(ji)、干(gan)(gan)衣柜、干(gan)(gan)衣機(ji)、工業烘干(gan)(gan)設備(bei)等(deng)。 其特(te)點(dian)是(shi)輸出熱(re)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)功(gong)率大、速(su)熱(re)、安全、能自(zi)動調節(jie)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)溫(wen)和功(gong)耗(hao)。