淺(qian)析ptc加熱器(qi)的基本原理(li)

    恒(heng)(heng)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)PTC熱(re)(re)(re)敏(min)(min)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)具有(you)(you)恒(heng)(heng)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)發(fa)熱(re)(re)(re)特性(xing)，其原(yuan)理是(shi)PTC熱(re)(re)(re)敏(min)(min)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)電(dian)(dian)(dian)后自(zi)熱(re)(re)(re)升溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)使阻(zu)值(zhi)進入躍變區，恒(heng)(heng)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)PTC熱(re)(re)(re)敏(min)(min)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)表面溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度將保持(chi)恒(heng)(heng)定值(zhi)，該(gai)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度只與PTC熱(re)(re)(re)敏(min)(min)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)的(de)居(ju)里溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度和外(wai)(wai)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓有(you)(you)關，而與環境溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度基本無(wu)關。 PTC加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)(qi)就是(shi)利用恒(heng)(heng)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)PTC熱(re)(re)(re)敏(min)(min)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)恒(heng)(heng)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)發(fa)熱(re)(re)(re)特性(xing)設計(ji)的(de)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)(qi)件(jian).在中(zhong)小功率加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)場(chang)合， PTC加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)(qi)具有(you)(you)恒(heng)(heng)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)發(fa)熱(re)(re)(re)、無(wu)明火、熱(re)(re)(re)轉換率高、受電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓影響極(ji)小、自(zi)然壽命長(chang)等傳統發(fa)熱(re)(re)(re)元(yuan)(yuan)件(jian)無(wu)法比(bi)擬的(de)優勢，在電(dian)(dian)(dian)熱(re)(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)(qi)具中(zhong)的(de)應用越來(lai)越受到(dao)研發(fa)工程師的(de)青睞(lai). 恒(heng)(heng)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)PTC熱(re)(re)(re)敏(min)(min)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)可(ke)(ke)制作成多種外(wai)(wai)形結(jie)構和不同規格，常見的(de)有(you)(you)圓片形、長(chang)方形、長(chang)條形 、圓環以及(ji)蜂(feng)窩多孔狀等。把上述PTC發(fa)熱(re)(re)(re)元(yuan)(yuan)件(jian)和金屬構件(jian)進行組合可(ke)(ke)以形成各(ge)種形式的(de)大功率PTC加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)(qi)。

    (1)以熱(re)(re)傳導為主的(de)PTC陶(tao)瓷加(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)器。其特點是(shi)通過PTC發熱(re)(re)元(yuan)件(jian)表(biao)面安裝的(de)電(dian)(dian)極(ji)板(導電(dian)(dian)兼傳熱(re)(re))絕緣層(ceng)(隔電(dian)(dian)兼傳熱(re)(re))導熱(re)(re)蓄熱(re)(re)板(有的(de)還附加(jia)(jia)有導熱(re)(re)膠)等多層(ceng)傳熱(re)(re)結構,把PTC元(yuan)件(jian)發出的(de)熱(re)(re)量傳到被(bei)加(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)的(de)物(wu)體上。 

    (2)以所形(xing)成的(de)熱風進行(xing)對(dui)流式(shi)傳熱的(de)各種PTC陶瓷熱風器。其特點(dian)是輸(shu)出功率大，并能自動(dong)調節吹出風溫和輸(shu)出熱量。 

    (3)紅外線(xian)輻射(she)加熱器.其特點實際利用(yong)PTC元件或導(dao)熱板表面迅速發(fa)出的(de)熱量(liang)直接或間(jian)接地激發(fa)接觸其表面的(de)遠(yuan)紅外涂(tu)料或遠(yuan)紅外材料使之輻射(she)出紅外線(xian),便(bian)構成了PTC陶瓷紅外輻射(she)加熱器。 

    PTC加熱器按結構(gou)特(te)(te)點分 (1)普通實用型PTC陶(tao)瓷加熱器。這類器具主要有(you): 電(dian)(dian)(dian)熱蚊藥驅蚊器、暖手器、干燥器、電(dian)(dian)(dian)熱板、電(dian)(dian)(dian)燙斗、電(dian)(dian)(dian)烙鐵(tie)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)熱粘合器、卷(juan)發燙發器等(deng).其(qi)特(te)(te)點是(shi)功率不大(da)，但熱效率高很(hen)實用。

    (2)自(zi)動恒(heng)(heng)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)型PTC加熱器.這類(lei)器具主要有：小型晶體器件(jian)恒(heng)(heng)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)槽、恒(heng)(heng)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)培(pei)養箱、電子保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)瓶、 保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)箱、保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)杯、保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)盤、保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)柜、保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)桌等。其(qi)特點(dian)是自(zi)動保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)、結構簡(jian)單、 恒(heng)(heng)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)特性好、熱效率高、使用環境溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度范圍寬。 

    (3)熱(re)(re)風(feng)PTC加(jia)熱(re)(re)器.這類熱(re)(re)風(feng)PTC加(jia)熱(re)(re)器主要(yao)有(you)：小型溫(wen)風(feng)取暖器、電吹風(feng)、暖房(fang)機、烘(hong)干(gan)機、干(gan)衣柜、干(gan)衣機、工業烘(hong)干(gan)設(she)備等。 其特點是(shi)輸出熱(re)(re)風(feng)功(gong)率大、速熱(re)(re)、安(an)全、能自動調節風(feng)溫(wen)和功(gong)耗(hao)。